Past Tense English Languange
 |
| Past Tense |
CHAPTER I
English is the international language. By mastering
English well, then we will be able to communicate with other nations in this
world. In addition, we will also be able to add insight and our knowledge. But
speaking English is not as easy as turning the palm of the hand because there
are many structures in the English learning system such as grammar, tenses,
etc. Not many people who learn English understand and know correctly what are
tenses, kinds etc.
In this paper we will discuss several tenses namely "Present
Perfect Tense and Future Tense" to deepen our knowledge of tenses and
their explanations.
The formulation of the problems we
found in making this paper are:
1. What is meant by Present Perfect
Tense and Past Tense
2. When are Present Perfect Tense
and Past Tense used?
3. How do the formulas / rules make
the Present Perfect Tense and Past Tense sentences?
1. To find out the Present Perfect Tense and Past
Tense.
2. To find out when the Present Perfect Tense and Past
Tense are used.
3. To find out how the formula / rules make the
Present Perfect Tense and Past Tense sentences.
CHAPTER
II
Studying English Tenses is a basic thing that must be really
mastered in order to be fluent in English. Basically, there are three happy
tenses in English namely Present Tense, past tense, and future tense. The third
division of tense is very important in English Grammar. Therefore, in this
article we will discuss about the full understanding, usage, formulas and
examples of past tense.
·
Simple Past Tense
Past tense is a verb that serves to indicate a work
or action that has passed or happened in the past. Therefore, the Past sentence
must be followed by the description of the past word. It could have happened
yesterday, a year ago, a month ago, etc.
Past Tense formula
a. Positive
(+) S + V2 + O / C
b. Negative
(-) S + Did + Not + V1 + O / C
c. Introgative
(?) Did + S + V2 + O / C +?
Note: S = subject, V = verb, O / C = object /
complement
Past tense
|
Meaning
|
(+) He swam in the sea yesterday
|
(+) Diaberenang di lautkemarin
|
(-)
He didn't swim in the sea yesterday
|
(-)
Diatidakberenang di lautkemarin
|
(?)
Did he swim in the sea yesterday?
|
(?)
Apakahdiaberenang di lautkemarin?
|
Past Tense is used to talk about actions that have
taken place before now. An action that occurred in the past which is always in
the sentence structure using verb 2 and past words.
Example
Past tense
|
Meaning
|
LuanaMartri
sailed to PekanBaru last month
|
LuanaMartriberlayarkepekanbarubulanlalu
|
My
teacher edited last year
|
Gurukumatitahunlalu
|
He lived in Bandung since 2005
|
Diatinggal
di bandungsejak 2005
|
We crossed the river crossing
yesterday
|
Kamumenyebrangsungaikemarin
|
There are some
irregular verbs in past tense. Here are a few examples.
Example
|
Meaning
|
He went to a pub last night
|
Diapergike
pub malamtadi
|
Did he go to the mall last night?
|
Apakahdiapergike
mall malamtadi?
|
He
didnt go to bed early last night
|
diatidakpergitidurcepattadimalam
|
·
Past Continuous Tense
Past continuous tense
is a verb that serves to express a work or action that is ongoing in the past
or past. Usually the past continuous sentence is juxtaposed with the past tense
sentence.
Past Continuous Tense
formula
a. Positive
(+) S + To be (was / were) + V-ing + O / C
b. Negative
(-) S + To be (was / were) + Not + V-ing + O / C
c. Introgative
(?) To be (was / were) + S + V-ing + O / C +?
Note:
S = subject, V = verb, O / C = object / complement
Past continuous tense
|
Meaning
|
(+)
They were playing badminton yesterday
|
(+)
Merekasedangbermain badminton kemarin
|
(-)
They were not playing tennis yesterday
|
(-)
Merekasedangtidakbermain badminton kemarin
|
(?)
Were they playing badminton yesterday?
|
(?)
Apakahmerekasedangbermain badminton kemarin
|
Past Continous explains
the actions or events that occurred before now, which began in the past and are
still ongoing at the time of the conversation. In other words, this tense
expresses an action that has not been completed or incomplete in the past.
·
Past Perfect Tense
Past perfect tense is a
verb that functions to show the work or action that has been completed in the
past or past. Usually the past perfect tense is juxtaposed with the past tense
sentence or with the past future perfect tense sentence in the Conditional Type
3 formula.
Past
Perfect Tense formula
a. Positive
(+) S + Have / Has + V3 + O / C
b. Negative
(-) S + Have / Has + Not + V3 + O / C
c. Introgative
(?) Have / Has + S + V3 + O / C +?
Note:
S = subject, V = verb, O / C = object / complement
Example
Perfect tense
|
Meaning
|
(+)
You had come to my last night's ceremony
|
(+)
Kamutelahdatangkeacarakusemalam
|
(-)
You didn't come to the last night ceremony
|
(-)
Kamutelahtidakdatangkeacarakusemalam
|
(?)
Had you come to my last night's ceremony?
|
(?)
Datangkahkamukeacarakusemalam?
|
Past perfect leads to
an earlier time than now. This is used to indicate an event occurred before
other events in the past. It is not really necessary which events are mentioned
at the beginning, the use of tense will explain which ones occur at the
beginning.
In the example below.
Event A is what happened at the start and event B that happened after:
Event A Event B
1. John
had gone out when I arrived at the office.
2. I
had saved my document before the computer crashed.
3. When
they arrived we had already started cooking.
4. He
was very tired because he hadnt slept well.
·
Past Perfect Continuous
Tense
Past perfect continuous tense is a verb that
functions to express an event or action that has been done but is still or
being done in the past or the past.
Past Perfect Continuous Tense formula
a. Positive
(+) S + Had + Been + V-ing + O / C
b. Negative
(-) S + Had + Not + Been + V-ing + O / C
c. Introgative
(?) Had + S + Been + V-ing + O / C +?
Note: S = subject, V = verb, O / C =
object / complement
Example
of Past Perfect Continuous Tense:
(+)
He had been writing a resignation letter
(-)
He had not been writing a resignation letter
(?)
Had He been writing a resignation letter?
Past perfect continues
relates to present perfect continuous but with an earlier time reference. The
use of tense is because we are more interested in the process.
Past tense has 4 types
(simple past tense, past perfect tense, past continuous tense, past perfect
continuous tense) all of which relate to events in the past along with how early
the event occurred. This is necessary to clarify events in the past. Then,
that's the discussion about using past tense which includes formulas, functions
and examples of past tense.
CHAPTER III
CLOSING
3.1.
Conclusion
Past tense
divided into 4 which is:
1. Simple past tense
2. Past continuous tense
3. Pastt perfect tense
4. Past perfect continuous tense
Studying English Tenses
is a basic thing that must be really mastered in order to be fluent in English.
Basically, there are three happy tenses in English namely Present Tense, past
tense, and future tense. The third division of tense is very important in
English Grammar. Therefore, in this article we will discuss about the full
understanding, usage, formulas and examples of past tense.
Past tense has 4 types
(simple past tense, past perfect tense, past continuous tense, past perfect
continuous tense) all of which relate to events in the past along with how
early the event occurred. This is necessary to clarify events in the past.
Then, that's the discussion about using past tense which includes formulas,
functions and examples of past tense.
3.2. Sugesstion
Simple
past is used for ords or sentences that signify the past or have passed.
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